Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions characterized by airflow obstruction. This includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema, often caused by smoking.

In COPD, the airways become inflamed and narrower, making it difficult to breathe. The air sacs in the lungs may also be damaged, reducing their ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Symptoms include persistent cough, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and increased mucus production. It's a progressive condition, meaning it typically worsens over time if left untreated. However, with proper management and lifestyle changes, many people with COPD can live active lives.